The

(The Annals of Wales)

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447		‡ Days as dark as night.‡
453		Easter altered on the Lord's Day by Pope Leo, Bishop of Rome.
454		St. Brigid is born.
457		St. Patrick goes to the Lord.
458		St. David is born in the thirtieth year after Patrick left Menevia.
468		The death of Bishop Benignus.
501		Bishop Ebur rests in Christ, he was 350 years old.
516		The Battle of Badon, in which Arthur carried the Cross of our Lord Jesus Christ for three days and three nights on his shoulders and the Britons were the victors.
521		St. Columba is born. The death of St. Brigid.
537		The battle of Camlann, in which Arthur and Medraut fell: and there was plague in Britain and Ireland.
544		The sleep [death] of Ciaran.
547		The great death [plague] in which Maelgwn, king of Gwynedd died. ‡Thus they say 'The long sleep of Maelgwn in the court of Rhos'. Then was the yellow plague.‡
558		The death of Gabrán, son of Dungart.
562		Columba went to Britain.
565		‡The voyage of Gildas to Ireland.‡
569		‡The 'Synod of Victory' was held between the Britons.‡
570		Gildas ‡wisest of Britons‡ died.
573		The battle of Arfderydd ‡between the sons of Eliffer and Gwenddolau son of Ceidio; in which battle Gwenddolau fell; Merlin went mad.‡
574		The sleep [death] of Brendan of Birr.
580		Gwrgi and Peredur ‡sons of Elifert‡ died.
584		Battle against the Isle of Man and the burial of Daniel of the Bangors.
589		The conversion of Constantine [king of Britain] to the Lord.
594		‡Aethelbert reigned in England.‡
595		The death of Columba.
		The death of king Dunod ‡son of Pabo.‡
		Augustine and Mellitus converted the English to Christ.
601		The synod of Urbs Legionis [Chester].
		Gregory died in Christ and also bishop David of Moni Iudeorum.
606		The burial of bishop Cynog.
607		The death of Aidan son of Gabrán
612		The death of Kentigern and bishop Dyfrig.
613		The battle of Caer Legion [Chester]. And there died Selyf son of Cynan. And Iago son of Beli slept [died].
616		Ceredig died.
617		Edwin begins his reign.
624		The sun is covered [eclipsed].
626		Edwin is baptized, and Rhun son of Urien baptized him.
627		Belin dies.
629		The beseiging of king Cadwallon in the island of Glannauc.
630		Gwyddgar comes and does not return. On the Kalends of January the battle of Meigen; and there Edwin was killed with his two sons; but Cadwallon was the victor.
631		The battle of Cantscaul in which Cadwallon fell.
632		The slaughter of the [river] Severn and the death of Idris.
644		The battle of Cogfry in which Oswald king of the Northmen and Eawa king of the Mercians fell.
645		The hammering of the region of Dyfed, when the monastery of David was burnt.
649		‡Slaughter in Gwent.‡
650		The rising of a star.
656		The slaughter of Campus Gaius.
657		Penda killed.
658		Oswy came and took plunder.
661		Cummine the tall died.
662		Brocmail ‡the tusked ‡ dies.
665		The first celebration of Easter among the Saxons. The second battle of Badon. Morgan dies.
669		Oswy, king of the Saxons, dies.
676		A star of marvelous brightness was seen shining throughout the whole world.
682		A great plague in Britain, in which Cadwaladr son of Cadwallon dies.
683		A plague ‡was‡ in Ireland.
684		A great earthquake in the Isle of Man.
689		The rain turned to blood in Britain, and ‡in Ireland‡ milk and butter turned to blood.
704		Aldfrith king of the Saxons died. The sleep of Adomnán.
714		Night was as bright as day. Pepin the elder [actually Pepin II, of Heristal], king of the Franks, died in Christ.
717		Osred king of the Saxons dies.
718		The consecration of the church of the archangel Michael ‡on mount Gargano.‡
721		A hot summer.
722		Beli son of Elffin dies. And the battle of Hehil among the Cornish, the battle of Garth Maelog, the battle of Pencon among the south Britons, and the Britons were the victors in those three battles.
728		The battle of mount Carno.
735		Bede the priest sleeps.
736		Oengus king of the Picts died.
750		Battle between the Picts and the Briton, that is the battle of Mocetauc. And their king Talorgan is killed by the Britions.
754		Rhodri king of the Britons dies.
757		Ethelbalk king of the Saxons dies.
760		A battle between the Britons and the Saxons, that is the battle of Hereford and Dyfnwal son of Tewdwr dies.
768		Easter is changed among the Britons ‡on the Lord's day ‡, Elfoddw, servant of God, emending it.
775		Ffernfael son of Ithael dies.
776		Cinaed king of the Picts dies.
777		Abbot Cuthbert dies.
778		The devastation of the South Britons by Offa.
784		The devastation of Britain by Offa in the summer.
796		‡Devastation by Rheinwg son of Offa ‡ The first coming of the gentiles [Norsemen] among the southern Irish.
797		Offa king of the Mercians and Maredudd king of the Demetians die, and the battle of Rhuddlan.
798		Caradog king of Gwynedd is killed by the Saxons.
807		Arthen king of Ceredigion dies. ‡Solar eclipse‡
808		Rhain king of the Demetians and Cadell ‡king‡ of Powys die.
809		Elfoddw archbishop in the Gwynedd region went to the Lord.
810		‡The moon covered ‡. Mynyw burnt. ‡Death of cattle in Britain.‡
811		Owain son of Maredudd dies.
812		The fortress of Degannwy is struck by lightning and burnt.
813		Battle between Hywel ‡and Cynan. Hywel‡ was the victor.
814		There was great thunder and it caused many fires. Tryffin son of Rhain died. And Gruffydd son of Cyngen is killed by treachery by his brother Elisedd after an interval of two months. Hywel triumphed over the island of Mona and he drove Cynan from there with a great loss of his own army.
816		Hywel was again expelled from Mona. Cynan the king dies. ‡Saxons invaded the mountains of Eryri and the kingdom of Rhufoniog‡.
817		The battle of Llan-faes.
818		‡Cenwulf devastated the Dyfed region.‡
822		The fortress of Degannwy is destroyed by the Saxons and they took the kingdom of Powys into their own control.
825		Hywel dies.
831		‡Lunar eclipse.‡ Laudent died and Sadyrnfyw Hael of Mynyw died.
840		Nobis the bishop ruled Mynyw.
842		Idwallon dies.
844		Merfyn dies. The battle of Cetill.
848		The battle of Ffinnant. Ithael king of Gwent was killed by the men of Brycheiniog.
849		Meurig was killed by Saxons.
850		Cynin is killed by the gentiles.
853		Mona laid waste by black gentiles.
856		Kenneth king of the Picts died. And Jonathan prince of Abergele dies.
860		Catgueithen was expelled.
864		Duda laid Glywysing waste.
865		Cian of Nanhyfer died.
866		The city of York was laid waste, that is the battle with the black gentiles.
869		The battle of Bryn Onnen.
870		The fortress of Alt Clud was broken by the gentiles.
871		Gwgon king of Ceredigion was drowned.
873		Nobis ‡the bishop‡ and Meurig die. The battle of Bannguolou.
874		‡Llunferth the bishop consecrated.‡
875		Dungarth king of Cernyw ‡that is of the Cornish‡ was drowned.
876		The battle of Sunday in Mona.
877		Rhodri and his son Gwriad is killed by the Saxons.
878		Aed son of Neill dies.
880		The battle of Conwy. Vengeance for Rhodri at God's hand. ‡The battle of Cynan.‡
882		Catgueithen died.
885		Hywel died in Rome.
887		Cerball died.
889		Suibne the wisest of the Irish died.
892		Hyfaidd dies.
894		Anarawd came with the Angles and laid waste Ceredigion and Ystrad Tywi.
895		The Northmen came and laid waste Lloegr and Bycheiniog and Gwent and Gwynllywiog.
896		‡Bread failed in Ireland. Vermin like moles with two teeth fell from the air and ate everything up; they were driven out by fasting and prayer.‡
898		‡Athelstan king of the Saxons died.‡
900		Alfred king of the Gewissi dies.
902		Igmund came to Mona and took Maes Osfeilion.
903		‡Merfyn son of Rhodri died and ‡ Llywarch son of Hyfaidd dies.
904		Rhodri ‡sone of Hyfaidd ‡ was beheaded in Arwystli.
906		The battle of Dinmeir and Mynyw was broken.
907		‡Bishop ‡ Gorchywyl dies ‡ and king Cormac‡.
908		‡Bishop ‡ Asser died.
909		King Cadell son of Rhodri dies.
913		Ohter comes ‡to Britain‡.
915		Anarawd king ‡of the Britons‡ dies.
917		Queen Aethelflaed died.
919		King Clydog was killed.
921		The battle of Dinas Newydd.
928		Hywel journeyed to Rome. ‡Helen died.‡
935		‡Gruffydd son of Owain died.‡
938		The battle of Brune.
939		Hyfaidd son of Clydog, and Meurig, died.
941		Aethelstan ‡king of the Saxons‡ died.
942		King Afloeg dies.
943		Cadell son of Arthfael was poisoned. And Idwal ‡son of Rhodri ‡ and his son Elisedd are killed by the Saxons.
944		Llunferth bishop in Mynyw died.
945		‡Bishop Morlais died.‡
946		Cyngen son of Elisedd was poisoned. And Eneuris bishop in Mynyw died. And strathclyde was laid wasted by the Saxons.
947		Edmund king of the Saxons was killed.
950		Hywel king of the Britons ‡called the Good‡ died.
951		And Cadwgan son of Owain is killed by the Saxons. And the battle of Carno ‡between the sons of Hywel and the sons of Idwal‡.
952		‡Iago and Idwal the sons of Idwal laid Dyfed waste.‡
954		Rhodri son of Hywel dies.

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Ingram, James, translator. The Annales Cambriae. London: Everyman Press, 1912.

The primary text of this translation is from the Harleian manuscript, the earliest copy of the Annales Cambriae which has survived. The text enclosed within the "‡" symbols are entries which are not found in the Harleian MS, but which appear in a later version.

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